K\u00fcresel in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, d\u00fcnya genelindeki sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %37’sinden sorumlu tutulmaktad\u0131r. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler verileri \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadele art\u0131k sekt\u00f6rel bir se\u00e7enek de\u011fil, operasyonel bir zorunluluk haline gelmi\u015ftir. Geleneksel olarak sadece i\u015fletme a\u015famas\u0131ndaki karbon emisyonlar\u0131na odaklanan end\u00fcstri, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yap\u0131 malzemelerinin \u00fcretiminden kaynaklanan g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc karbon emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 (embodied carbon emissions) da azaltma bask\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. 2016 Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131 hedefleri do\u011frultusunda 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar net s\u0131f\u0131r emisyon seviyesine ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, t\u00fcm payda\u015flar\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fmesel d\u00fczeyde i\u015f birli\u011fini gerektirmektedir.<\/p>\n
Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik konusunda kapsaml\u0131 yasal mevzuatlar olu\u015ftururken, geli\u015fmekte olan piyasalarda bu ge\u00e7i\u015f daha yava\u015f ilerlemektedir. Bu noktada, M\u00fc\u015favir M\u00fchendisler Uluslararas\u0131 Federasyonu (FIDIC), D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 ve di\u011fer \u00c7ok Tarafl\u0131 Kalk\u0131nma Bankalar\u0131 (MDBs – Multilateral Development Banks) ile stratejik i\u015f birlikleri kurarak, standart s\u00f6zle\u015fme formlar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla k\u00fcresel bir ye\u015fil d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm mekanizmas\u0131 olu\u015fturmay\u0131 hedeflemektedir.<\/p>\n
FIDIC\u2019in 1999 Serisi (K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, Sar\u0131 ve G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f Kitap) ve 2008 Alt\u0131n Kitap formlar\u0131, \u00e7evresel y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri temel d\u00fczeyde ele alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Alt-Madde 4.18<\/strong> uyar\u0131nca, Y\u00fcklenicinin hem saha i\u00e7inde hem de saha d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7evreyi korumak i\u00e7in “makul ad\u0131mlar\u0131” atmas\u0131 ve emisyon limitlerine uymas\u0131 beklenmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca, Alt-Madde 4.21<\/strong> \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde sunulan ilerleme raporlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evresel etkileri de kapsamas\u0131 \u015fart ko\u015fulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n \u0130\u015fveren taraf\u0131nda ise Alt-Madde 2.3<\/strong>, Y\u00fckleniciye atfedilen \u00e7evresel koruma \u00f6nlemlerine benzer bir sorumlulu\u011fu \u0130\u015fveren\u2019e de y\u00fcklemektedir. M\u00fchendis (The Engineer) ise Alt-Madde 6.9<\/strong> kapsam\u0131nda, \u00e7evreyi koruma ilkelerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 davranan personelin sahadan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yetkisine sahiptir. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcmler, \u00e7evresel korumay\u0131 projenin teknik bir bile\u015feni olarak tan\u0131mlasa da, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn agresif karbon azaltma hedefleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda pasif kalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n FIDIC 2017 ve 2022 bask\u0131lar\u0131nda \u00e7evresel y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin kapsam\u0131 geni\u015fletilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6nceki bask\u0131lardaki “makul ad\u0131mlar” ifadesi, Alt-Madde 4.18<\/strong> ile “gerekli t\u00fcm \u00f6nlemlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131” \u015feklinde daha kesin bir dile d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Y\u00fcklenici art\u0131k varsa \u00e7evresel etki de\u011ferlendirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na (environmental impact study) uymakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131ca, Alt-Madde 13.1 (c)<\/strong> uyar\u0131nca, bir De\u011fi\u015fiklik (Variation) talimat\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evresel uyumu riske atmas\u0131 durumunda Y\u00fckleniciye bildirim yapma zorunlulu\u011fu getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n 2021 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde, FIDIC Ye\u015fil Kitap (Green Book) Alt-Madde 5.2<\/strong> ile Y\u00fcklenicinin t\u00fcm sa\u011fl\u0131k, g\u00fcvenlik ve \u00e7evre yasalar\u0131na uyum sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131 temel bir \u015fart olarak belirlemi\u015ftir. Bu evrim, FIDIC’in s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi sadece bir yan unsur de\u011fil, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin icra kabiliyetine sahip ana unsurlar\u0131ndan biri haline getirme \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kas\u0131m 2024 itibar\u0131yla \u00c7ok Tarafl\u0131 Kalk\u0131nma Bankalar\u0131, iklim hedeflerine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in finansal te\u015fvikleri ve ihale standartlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcncelleme karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. FIDIC\u2019in bu bankalarla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015fmalar, FIDIC formlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcresel altyap\u0131 projelerinde standart tedarik belgelerinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu durum, \u00f6zellikle yerel \u00e7evre yasalar\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131f oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerde FIDIC h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin bir “d\u00fczenleyici \u00fcst yap\u0131” g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rmesine olanak tan\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Ancak, bu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin uygulanabilirli\u011fi hala iki temel fakt\u00f6re dayanmaktad\u0131r: Yerel kanunlarda \u00e7evresel d\u00fczenlemelerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00f6zle\u015fme eklerindeki teknik \u015fartnamelerin (Specifications) detay seviyesi. End\u00fcstri uzmanlar\u0131, “gerekli \u00f6nlemler” kavram\u0131n\u0131n gelecekte sadece yerel yasalara g\u00f6re de\u011fil, uluslararas\u0131 kabul g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f net s\u0131f\u0131r \u00e7er\u00e7evelerine g\u00f6re de de\u011ferlendirilece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6rmektedir.<\/p>\n FIDIC s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerini kullanan payda\u015flar i\u00e7in ye\u015fil d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm s\u00fcreci \u015fu stratejik ad\u0131mlar\u0131 gerektirmektedir:<\/p>\n S\u00f6zle\u015fme Haz\u0131rl\u0131k A\u015famas\u0131:<\/strong> \u0130\u015fverenler, beklenen \u00e7evresel performans kriterlerini ve karbon emisyon limitlerini projenin teknik \u015fartnamelerine (Specification) a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a der\u00e7 etmelidir. Genel \u015fartlardaki standart h\u00fck\u00fcmler, somut teknik verilerle desteklenmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece hak taleplerine (claims) konu olmas\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n Risk Y\u00f6netimi:<\/strong> Y\u00fckleniciler, Alt-Madde 4.18<\/strong> alt\u0131ndaki geni\u015fletilmi\u015f sorumluluklar\u0131 dikkate alarak, \u00e7evresel uyum maliyetlerini ve olas\u0131 gecikme (delay) risklerini teklif a\u015famas\u0131nda analiz etmelidir. Yerel \u00e7evre yasalar\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin S\u00fcre Uzat\u0131m\u0131 (EOT) veya ek maliyet (cost) do\u011furup do\u011furmayaca\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme baz\u0131nda \u00f6nceden netle\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/p>\n Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k Y\u00f6netimi:<\/strong> \u00c7evresel y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin ihlali, sadece bir yasal ceza de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda projenin finansman kesintisine veya M\u00fchendis taraf\u0131ndan personelin\/ekipman\u0131n sahadan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu t\u00fcr durumlarda Uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00d6nleme ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm Kurulu (DAAB) mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evresel uzmanl\u0131k bar\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131 \u00f6nem kazanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Sonu\u00e7 olarak, FIDIC 2025 vizyonu, in\u015faat hukuku ve m\u00fchendislik disiplinlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik paydas\u0131nda bulu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Sekt\u00f6r payda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n bu de\u011fi\u015fime adaptasyonu, sadece \u00e7evresel bir katk\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ticari risklerin y\u00f6netimi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da kritik bir \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n S\u00f6zle\u015fme y\u00f6netimi ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik hedeflerinin entegrasyonu konusundaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinizi veya projelerinizde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z vakalar\u0131 bizimle payla\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Giri\u015f K\u00fcresel in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, d\u00fcnya genelindeki sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %37’sinden sorumlu tutulmaktad\u0131r. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler verileri \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadele art\u0131k sekt\u00f6rel bir se\u00e7enek de\u011fil, operasyonel bir zorunluluk haline gelmi\u015ftir. Geleneksel olarak sadece i\u015fletme a\u015famas\u0131ndaki karbon emisyonlar\u0131na odaklanan end\u00fcstri, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yap\u0131 malzemelerinin \u00fcretiminden kaynaklanan g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc karbon emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 (embodied carbon emissions) da azaltma bask\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. 2016…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5,8,54],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4354","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles","category-fidic-articles","category-lang-tr"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.equitas-consulting.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4354","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.equitas-consulting.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.equitas-consulting.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.equitas-consulting.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.equitas-consulting.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4354"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.equitas-consulting.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4354\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4397,"href":"https:\/\/www.equitas-consulting.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4354\/revisions\/4397"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.equitas-consulting.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4354"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.equitas-consulting.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4354"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.equitas-consulting.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4354"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}2017 Serisi ve Yeni Nesil Geli\u015fmeler<\/h2>\n
Analiz: MDB \u0130\u015f Birlikleri ve K\u00fcresel Standartlar<\/h2>\n
Pratik Uygulamalar ve Tavsiyeler<\/h2>\n